The geomagnetic field was quiet to active on November 26 due to effects from CH1189. Solar wind speed at SOHO ranged between 481 and 630 km/sec. The high latitude magnetometer at Andenes recorded quiet to major storm levels.
Solar flux density measured at 20h UT on 2.8 GHz was 180.2 - increasing 40.5 over the previous solar rotation. (Centered 1 year average SF at 1 AU - 183 days ago: 157.52. In comparison SC24 peaked on June 28, 2014 at 145.50). The Potsdam WDC planetary A index was 10 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 10.1). Three hour interval K indices: 43322012 (planetary), 434322231 (Boulder), 65312124 (Andenes).
The background x-ray flux is at the class C1 level (GOES 16).
At the time of counting spots (see image time), spots were observed in 16 active regions using 2K resolution (SN: 331) and in 14 active regions using 1K resolution (SN: 232) SDO/HMI images.
Region 13489 [S14W48] decayed slowly and was
mostly quiet.
Region 13492 [N18W17] decayed slowly and was mostly quiet. C1 flares:
C1.9 @ 05:55 UT
Region 13493 [S12W07] was quiet and stable.
Region 13494 [S17W02] was quiet and stable.
Region 13499 [S17W36] was mostly quiet and stable. The region has
weak polarity intermixing. C1 flares: C1.5 @ 15:04 UT
Region 13500 [S18E24] was mostly quiet and still has M class flare
potential. C1 flares: C1.3 @ 11:23, C1.8 @ 16:07 UT
Region 13501 [S09E32] was quiet and stable.
Region 13502 [N14W11] decayed slowly and was mostly quiet. C1 flares:
C1.3 @ 15:50 UT
Region 13503 [N21E48] developed slowly and quietly.
New region 13504 [N11W67] emerged on November 25 and developed
further on Nov.26 when it was numbered by SWPC. C1 flares: C1.3 @ 14:49 UT
Spotted regions not observed (or interpreted
differently) by SWPC/USAF:
S9156 [N22W27] produced a C flares and decayed slowly. C1 flares:
C1.2 @ 01:37, C1.4 @ 03:25, C1.7 @ 20:38 UT
S9173 [N11E04] was quiet and stable.
New region S9178 [N17E21] emerged with tiny spots.
New region S9179 [S22W47] emerged with a tiny spot before noon, then
decayed slowly. C1 flares: C1.7 @ 05:46, C1.3 @ 13:20 UT
New region S9180 [N38W03] emerged with a tiny spot.
New region S9181 [S19W23] emerged with tiny spots.
An active region behind the southeast limb may be capable of M class flaring.
C2+ flares:
| Magnitude | Peak time (UT) | Location | Source | Recorded by | Comment |
| C3.6 | 07:43 | N19W17 | S9156 | GOES18 | |
| C2.7 | 12:57 | 13500 | GOES18 |
November 24-26: No obviously Earth directed CMEs were observed.
November 27: An interesting filament eruption was observed beginning
just before 05h UT in SDO/AIA imagery. The eruption in the southwestern
quadrant extended from close to the central meridian at its southernmost
location to near the equator in the northwestern part of the eruption.
Coronal dimming was observed. Any CME associated with this event would be
likely to reach Earth on November 30.
[Coronal hole history (since October 2002)]
[Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago]
A positive polarity northern hemisphere coronal hole (CH1189) was Earth facing on November 23-24. A large recurrent negative polarity southern hemisphere coronal hole (CH1190) will likely rotate across the central meridian on December 1-2.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over upper middle and high latitudes is poor. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is poor.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet to unsettled on November 27 due to effects from CH1189. Quiet conditions are likely on November 28-29.
| Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejections (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole
could reach Earth within the next 5 days. When the high speed
stream has arrived the color changes to green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48 hours.
Green: 0-30% probability, Yellow: 30-70% probability, Red: 70-100% probability.
(Click on image for 2K resolution).
4K resolution.
Compare to the previous
day's image. 0.5K image
When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue is positive.
Data for all officially numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC, all other regions are numbered sequentially as they emerge using the STAR spot number. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers. SWPC data considered to be not sufficiently precise (location, area, classification) are colored red.
| Active region | SWPC date numbered STAR detected |
Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO / HMI 4K continuum image with magnetic polarity overlays |
Comment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWPC/ USAF |
Magnetic (SDO) |
SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | ||||||
| 2K | 1K | ||||||||||
| 13488 | 2023.11.14 2023.11.14 |
N31W88 |
location: N29W81 |
||||||||
| 13489 | 2023.11.16 2023.11.17 |
3 | 7 | 2 | S14W50 | 0010 | AXX | CRO |
 |
 |
location: S14W48 |
| 13497 | 2023.11.18 2023.11.20 |
N17W34 | location: N18W28 | ||||||||
| S9156 | 2023.11.18 | 11 | 8 | N22W27 | 0090 | CAO |
 |
 |
SWPC apparently considers this region as two groups (13490 and 13495) |
||
| 13490 | 2023.11.18 | 6 | N22W27 | 0090 | CAI | ||||||
| 13492 | 2023.11.18 2023.11.20 |
9 | 24 | 13 | N19W18 | 0210 | HAX | CSO |
 |
 |
area: 0340 location: N18W17 |
| 13491 | 2023.11.18 2023.11.19 |
N11W23 |
 |
location: N10W21 | |||||||
| 13496 | 2023.11.19 2023.11.20 |
N09W48 | location: N07W44 | ||||||||
| 13493 | 2023.11.20 2023.11.20 |
4 | 6 | 3 | S13W07 | 0100 | CSO | CSO |
 |
 |
area: 0130 location: S12W07 |
| S9162 | 2023.11.20 | S17W15 | |||||||||
| 13494 | 2023.11.20 2023.11.20 |
1 | 12 | 2 | S17W03 | 0070 | HSX | CSO |
 |
 |
area: 0160 |
| 13495 | 2023.11.20 | N25W23 | apparently the spots in the northeastern part of AR S9156 | ||||||||
| S9166 | 2023.11.20 | S33W17 | |||||||||
| 13500 | 2023.11.22 2023.11.23 |
10 | 29 | 19 | S19E23 | 0470 | DKC | DKC |
 |
 |
beta-delta location: S18E24 area: 0600 |
| 13499 | 2023.11.22 2023.11.23 |
9 | 29 | 16 | S17W37 | 0060 | CAI | DAI |
 |
 |
beta-gamma area: 0120 location: S17W36 |
| 13501 | 2023.11.22 2023.11.23 |
1 | 4 | 2 | S09E32 | 0060 | HSX | CSO |
 |
 |
area: 0140 |
| S9171 | 2023.11.22 | N08W42 | |||||||||
| 13502 | 2023.11.22 2023.11.23 |
7 | 24 | 15 | N15W14 | 0100 | CAO | DAO |
 |
 |
area: 0150 location: N14W11 |
| S9173 | 2023.11.22 | 3 | 2 | N11E04 | 0007 | AXX |
 |
 |
|||
| 13503 | 2023.11.23 2023.11.25 |
5 | 7 | 2 | N21E45 | 0020 | CRO | DRO |
 |
 |
location: N21E48 area: 0040 |
| 13504 | 2023.11.25 2023.11.26 |
4 | 6 | 4 | N14W65 | 0030 | DRO | DRO |
 |
 |
area: 0060 location: N11W67 |
| S9178 | 2023.11.26 | 4 | 3 | N17E21 | 0013 | BXO |
 |
||||
| S9179 | 2023.11.26 | 1 | 1 | S22W47 | 0002 | AXX |
 |
||||
| S9180 | 2023.11.26 | 1 | N38W03 | 0002 | AXX |
 |
|||||
| S9181 | 2023.11.26 | 3 | S19W23 | 0004 | BXO |
 |
|||||
| Total spot count: | 59 | 171 | 92 | ||||||||
| Sunspot number: | 169 | 331 | 232 | (total spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions) | |||||||
| Weighted SN: | 110 | 225 | 146 | (Sum of total spot count + classification weighting for each AR. Classification weighting: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10) | |||||||
| Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): | 186 | 182 | 186 | ||||||||
| Month | Average solar flux | International sunspot number (WDC-SILSO) |
Smoothed sunspot number (4) | Average ap (3) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Measured | 1 AU | ||||
| 2014.02 | 170.3 (cycle peak) |
166.3 | 146.1 (SC24 peak) | 110.5 | 10.70 |
| 2014.04 | 143.9 | 144.8 | 112.5 | 116.4 (SC24 solar max) | 7.88 |
| 2017.09 | 91.3 | 92.3 | 43.6 | 18.2 (-1.3) | 18.22 (SC24 peak) |
| 2019.11 | 70.2 | 68.7 | 0.5 | 2.0 (-0.6) (Solar minimum using 365d smoothing: November 17, 2019) |
4.19 |
| 2019.12 | 70.8 | 68.6 | 1.6 | 1.8 (-0.2) (ISN 13 months smoothed solar minimum) |
3.22 |
| 2022.04 | 130.8 | 131.7 | 84.0 | 73.0 (+4.3) | 11.79 |
| 2022.05 | 133.8 | 136.8 | 96.5 | 77.4 (+4.4) | 7.48 |
| 2022.06 | 116.1 | 119.8 | 70.3 | 81.1 (+3.7) | 8.20 |
| 2022.07 | 125.4 | 129.5 | 91.4 | 86.7 (+5.6) | 9.51 |
| 2022.08 | 114.2 | 117.1 | 74.6 | 92.6 (+5.9) | 10.92 |
| 2022.09 | 135.1 | 136.5 | 96.0 | 96.5 (+3.9) | 12.18 |
| 2022.10 | 133.5 | 132.7 | 95.5 | 98.9 (+2.4) | 11.16 |
| 2022.11 | 123.4 | 120.7 | 80.5 | 101.2 (+2.3) | 9.33 |
| 2022.12 | 147.9 | 143.4 | 112.8 | 106.7 (+5.5) | 10.99 |
| 2023.01 | 182.4 | 176.6 | 144.4 | 113.3 (+6.6) | 8.73 |
| 2023.02 | 167.2 | 163.2 | 111.3 | 117.8 (+3.5) | 14.48 (current SC25 peak) |
| 2023.03 | 157.2 | 155.6 | 123.3 | 121.0 (+3.2) | 14.42 |
| 2023.04 | 145.4 | 146.4 | 97.6 | 122.7 (+1.7) | 13.40 |
| 2023.05 | 155.6 | 159.2 | 137.4 | (124.7 projected, +2.0) | 10.67 |
| 2023.06 | 161.7 | 166.8 | 160.5 | (127.9 projected, +3.2) | 8.95 |
| 2023.07 | 176.4 | 182.2 | 159.1 | (128.3 projected, +0.4) | 8.15 |
| 2023.08 | 153.7 | 157.6 | 114.8 | (130.1 projected, +1.8) | 7.19 |
| 2023.09 | 154.4 | 156.0 | 133.6 | (133.5 projected, +3.4) | 14.26 |
| 2023.10 | 142.8 | 141.9 | 99.4 | (135.2 projected, +1.7) | 8.16 |
| 2023.11 | 150.3 (1) | 85.8 (2A) / 99.0 (2B) / 117.0 (2C) | (137.8 projected max SC25, +2.6) | (13.4) | |
| 2023.12 | (137.1 projected, -0.7) | ||||
| 2024.01 | (134.4 projected, -2.7) | ||||
| 2024.02 | (134.2 projected, -0.2) | ||||
| 2024.03 | (133.7 projected, -0.5) | ||||
| 2024.04 | (134.5 projected, +0.8) | ||||
| 2024.05 | (135.8 projected, +1.3) | ||||
1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at 2800 MHz
and any corrections applied to that measurement.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder (NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days).
2B) Boulder SN current month average to date.
2C) STAR SDO 1K Wolf number 30 day average.
3) Running average based on the quicklook and definitive Potsdam WDC ap indices. Values in red
are based on the definitive international
GFZ Potsdam WDC ap indices.
4) Source: WDC-SILSO, Royal Observatory
Of Belgium, Brussels
Looking back 6 months, the 365d smoothed values for solar flux and all sunspot numbers with the exception of NOAA's, are all above their solar cycle 24 peak. The first peak of solar cycle 25 is forecast to be between July 7 and 10, 2023 (solar flux on July 7, ISN and STAR 1K and 2K all have that peak on July 9, while NOAA peaks on July 10). This is unlikely to be the final peak of SC25, however, there is a small probability that it is the actual sunspot and solar flux maximum.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on the analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to Universal Time. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.
SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.
