Last major update issued on October 17, 2010 at 04:15 UTC.
[Solar and geomagnetic data - last month (updated daily)]
[Solar wind and electron fluence charts (updated daily)
[Solar cycles 21-24 (last update October 2, 2010)]
[Solar cycles 1-20]
[Graphical comparison of cycles 21, 22, 23 and 24 (last update
October 2, 2010)]
[Graphical comparison of cycles 10, 12, 13, 14, 16 and 24 (last update
October 2, 2010)]
[Historical solar and geomagnetic data charts 1954-2006 (last update April 5, 2007)]
[Archived reports from January 2003 (last update October
9, 2010)]
NEW [POES auroral activity level charts since October 2009]
The geomagnetic field was quiet to unsettled on October 16. Solar wind speed ranged between 300 and 343 km/s.
Solar flux measured at 20h UTC on 2.8 GHz was 86.9 (up 5.7 over the last solar rotation). The planetary A index was 6 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 6). Three hour interval K indices: 12101132 (planetary), 12202222 (Boulder).
The background x-ray flux is at the class A9 level.
At midnight UTC the visible solar disk had 4 spotted regions.
Region 11112 developed quickly early in the day, then decayed after
the M flare. Flare: impulsive M2.9 at 19:12
UTC.
Region 11113 was quiet and stable.
Region 11115 was quiet and stable.
Spotted regions not numbered by NOAA/SWPC:
[S823] This region emerged in the northern hemisphere near the
central meridian on October 16. Location at midnight: N23E02
October 14-16: No obviously Earth directed CMEs were seen in LASCO or STEREO images.
Coronal hole history (since late October 2002)
Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago:
28 days ago
27 days ago
26 days ago
A recurrent coronal hole (CH425) in the northern hemisphere will rotate into an Earth facing position on October 15-17. CH425 has decayed significantly over the last solar rotation (and split into two smaller parts) and it is uncertain if the coronal hole will produce any geomagnetic disturbance this time. Another recurrent coronal hole (CH426) is currently rotating into view at the east limb. CH426 appears to have grown over the last solar rotation.
Image courtesy of SDO (NASA) and the AIA consortium. Annotations are my own. The darkest areas on the solar disk are likely coronal holes.
Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over high and upper middle latitudes is poor to fair. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is poor.
The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet on October 17. Weak effects from CH425 are possible on October 18-21.
| Coronal holes (1) | Coronal mass ejections (2) | M and X class flares (3) |
1) Effects from a coronal hole could reach Earth
within the next 5 days. When the high speed stream has arrived the
color changes to green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48 hours.
Green: 0-20% probability, Yellow: 20-60% probability, Red: 60-100% probability.
Compare to the previous day's image
Data for all numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers.
| Active region | Date numbered | Spot count | Location at midnight | Area | Classification | SDO (NASA) / AIA 4500 image |
Comment | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SWPC | STAR | SWPC | STAR | Current | Previous | |||||
| 11112 | 2010.10.09 | 16 | 23 | S18W28 | 0120 | DSI | EAI |
 |
 |
beta-gamma |
| 11113 | 2010.10.13 | 1 | 1 | N17E36 | 0130 | HSX | HSX |
 |
 |
|
| S821 | 2010.10.13 | N32W17 | plage | |||||||
| 11114 | 2010.10.14 | S21W68 | plage | |||||||
| 11115 | 2010.10.15 | 1 | 1 | S28E50 | 0170 | HSX | HSX |
 |
 |
|
| S823 | 2010.10.16 | 3 | N23E02 | 0010 | BXO |
 |
||||
| Total spot count: | 18 | 28 | ||||||||
| SSN: | 48 | 68 | ||||||||
| Month | Average measured solar flux | International sunspot number (SIDC) | Smoothed sunspot number | Average ap (3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2000.04 | 184.2 | 125.5 | 120.8 cycle 23 sunspot max. |
|
| 2000.07 | 202.3 | 170.1 | 119.8 | |
| 2001.12 | 235.1 | 132.2 | 114.6 (-0.9) | |
| 2008.07 | 65.7 (SF minimum) | 0.5 | 2.8 (-0.4) | |
| 2008.12 | 69.2 | 0.8 | 1.7 (-) sunspot minimum |
3.25 |
| 2009.07 | 68.2 | 3.2 | 3.6 (+0.9) | 5.49 / 4.55 |
| 2009.08 | 67.3 | 0.0 | 4.8 (+1.2) | 5.70 / 4.89 |
| 2009.09 | 70.5 | 4.3 | 6.2 (+1.4) | 3.88 / 3.61 |
| 2009.10 | 72.6 | 4.8 | 7.1 (+0.9) | 3.66 / 3.56 |
| 2009.11 | 73.6 | 4.1 | 7.6 (+0.5) | 2.45 / 2.63 |
| 2009.12 | 76.7 | 10.8 | 8.3 (+0.7) | 1.41 / 1.92 |
| 2010.01 | 81.1 | 13.2 | 9.3 (+1.0) | 2.93 / 3.07 |
| 2010.02 | 84.7 | 18.8 | 10.6 (+1.3) | 4.15 / 4.61 |
| 2010.03 | 83.4 | 15.4 | 12.3 (+1.7) | 4.58 / 4.65 |
| 2010.04 | 75.9 | 8.0 | (13.9 predicted, +1.6) | 10.22 / 10.24 |
| 2010.05 | 73.8 | 8.7 | (15.2 predicted, +1.3) | 9.18 / 8.15 |
| 2010.06 | 72.5 | 13.6 | (16.7 predicted, +1.5) | 8.17 / 6.85 |
| 2010.07 | 79.8 | 16.1 | (18.3 predicted, +1.6) | 6.31 / 5.15 |
| 2010.08 | 79.2 | 19.6 | (19.5 predicted, +1.2) | 8.49 / 7.77 |
| 2010.09 | 81.1 | 25.2 | (20.7 predicted, +1.2) | 5.33 |
| 2010.10 | 78.6 (1) | 11.7 (2A) / 22.7 (2B) | (23.1 predicted, +2.4) | (5.44) |
1) Running average based on the
daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux
value at 2800 MHz.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder (NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number
(accumulated daily sunspots / month days). The official international sunspot number is typically
30-50% lower. 2B) Month average to date.
3) Running average based on the
daily SWPC ap indices. Values in red are based on
the
official NGDC ap indices.
This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to the UTC day. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.