Solar Terrestrial Activity Report

Activity chart

Last major update issued on August 10, 2015 at 04:55 UT.

Charts (* = updated daily) Data and archive
  Solar wind (*) Solar and geomagnetic data - last month (*)
  Electron fluence (*) Archived daily reports and monthly data from 2003.01 (August 1, 2015)
Solar cycle Solar cycles 23-24 (August 1, 2015) Historical solar and geomagnetic data charts 1954-2006 (April 5, 2007)
  Cycle 24 progress (August 1, 2015) Noon SDO sunspot count 1K Reference: 4K (large file) (*)
  Solar cycles 1-24 (July 17, 2015) POES auroral activity level October 2009 - December 2012
  Comparison of cycles 21, 22, 23 and 24 (August 1, 2015) 3rd SSN Workshop, Tucson, 2013
  Comparison of cycles 12, 13, 14, 16 and 24 (August 1, 2015) 4th SSN Workshop, Locarno, 2014
  Solar polar fields vs solar cycles (July 18, 2015)  

Recent activity

The geomagnetic field was quiet to unsettled on August 9 under the influence of a high speed stream associated with CH681. Solar wind speed at SOHO ranged between 449 and 553 km/s.

Solar flux at 20h UTC on 2.8 GHz was 114.5 (increasing 4.4 over the last solar rotation). The 90 day 10.7 flux at 1 AU was 117.1. The Potsdam WDC planetary A index was 9 (STAR Ap - based on the mean of three hour interval ap indices: 9.4). Three hour interval K indices: 12232223 (planetary), 23342233 (Boulder).

The background x-ray flux is at the class B3 level.

At the time of counting spots (see image time), spots were observed in 6 active regions using 2K resolution (SN: 123) and 4 active regions using 1K resolution (SN: 71) SDO images on the visible solar disk.

Region 12394 [N12W63] decayed slowly and quietly.
Region 12395 [N11W11] decayed slowly and quietly.
Region 12396 [S18W25] decayed slowly and produced only a single C flare. A weak and small magnetic delta is present in a trailing penumbra and there is a minor chance of an M class event.
Region 12398 [N16E33] decayed slowly and quietly.

Spotted regions not numbered (or interpreted differently) by SWPC:
S4670 [N20W03] reemerged with a penumbra spot.
New region S4679 [S17W03] was observed with penumbra spots.

C2+ flares:

Magnitude Peak time (UTC) Location AR Recorded by Comment
C4.2 (LDE) 07:52 S17W11 12396 GOES15  

Flare activity (SDO/EVE/ESP XRS-B proxy)

Coronal mass ejections (CMEs)

August 7-9: No obviously Earth directed CMEs were observed.

Coronal holes

[Coronal hole history (since October 2002)]
[Compare today's report to the situation one solar rotation ago: 28 days ago 27 days ago 26 days ago]

A small coronal hole (CH681) near the equator was in an Earth facing location on August 6. A recurrent trans equatorial coronal hole (CH682) will likely rotate into an Earth facing position on August 12-13.

Propagation

Long distance low and medium frequency (below 2 MHz) propagation along paths north of due west over upper middle latitudes is poor. Propagation on long distance northeast-southwest paths is poor to fair.

Forecast

The geomagnetic field is expected to be quiet to unsettled on August 10 due to effects from CH681 and quiet on August 11-12.

Coronal holes (1) Coronal mass ejection (2) M and X class flares (3)
     

1) Effects from a coronal hole could reach Earth within the next 5 days. When the high speed stream has arrived the color changes to green.
2) Effects from a CME are likely to be observed at Earth within 96 hours.
3) There is a possibility of either M or X class flares within the next 48 hours.

Green: 0-30% probability, Yellow: 30-70% probability, Red: 70-100% probability.

Active solar regions


(Click on image for 2K resolution) Compare to the previous day's image.

0.5K image

When available the active region map has a coronal hole polarity overlay where red (pink) is negative and blue is positive.

Data for all numbered solar regions according to the Solar Region Summary provided by NOAA/SWPC. Comments are my own, as is the STAR spot count (spots observed at or inside a few hours before midnight) and data for regions not numbered by SWPC or where SWPC has observed no spots. SWPC active region numbers in the table below and in the active region map above are the historic SWPC/USAF numbers.

Active region Date numbered
detected
Spot count Location at midnight Area Classification SDO / HMI 4K continuum
image with magnetic polarity overlays
Comment
SWPC Magnetic
(SDO)
SWPC STAR Current Previous
2K 1K
12393 2015.07.27
2015.07.30
1     N19W84 0000 AXX     spotless
12394 2015.07.29
2015.07.30
2 3 2 N12W64 0050 CSO HSX

area: 0100

12395 2015.08.02
2015.08.03
  4   N12W15 0005   AXX  
12396 2015.08.03 43 46 26 S17W24 0840 EKC EKC beta-gamma-delta

area: 0900

S4663 2015.08.03       S10W42            
S4667 2015.08.04       S18E02            
12398 2015.08.06
2015.08.07
1 1 1 N15E33 0010 HRX HRX  
S4670 2015.08.06   1   N20W03 0003   AXX    
S4673 2015.08.06       N05W36            
S4675 2015.08.07       N05W16            
S4676 2015.08.07       N31W11            
S4677 2015.08.07       S18W40            
S4678 2015.08.07       N12W48            
S4679 2015.08.09   8 2 S17W03 0020   AXX    
Total spot count: 47 63 31  
Sunspot number: 87 123 71  (total spot count + 10 * number of spotted regions)
Weighted SN: 65 81 49  (Sum of total spot count + classification weighting for each AR. Classification weighting: X=0, R=3, A/S=5, H/K=10)
Relative sunspot number (Wolf number): 96 68 60 k * (sunspot number)
As of July 1, 2015: k = 1.1 for SWPC, k = 0.55 for MSN 2K, k = 0.85 for MSN 1K (MSN=Magnetic Sunspot Number)

Monthly solar cycle data

Month Average solar flux International sunspot number
(WDC-SILSO) (4)
Smoothed sunspot number (4) Average ap
(3)
Measured 1 AU
2014.02 170.3
(cycle peak)
166.3 146.1 (cycle peak) 110.5 (+1.2) 10.70
2014.03 149.9 148.5 128.7 114.3 (+3.8) 4.88
2014.04 143.9 144.8 112.5 116.4 (+2.1) (solar max) 7.88
2014.05 129.7 132.9 112.5 115.0 (-1.4) 5.75
2014.06 122.0 125.8 102.9 114.1 (-0.9) 6.72
2014.07 137.4 141.8 100.2 112.6 (-1.5) 4.50
2014.08 124.7 127.9 106.9 108.3 (-4.3) 7.71
2014.09 146.6 148.1 130.0 101.9 (-6.4) 9.78
2014.10 153.4 152.9 90.0 97.4 (-4.5) 8.96
2014.11 154.8 151.4 103.6 95.0 (-2.4) 9.33
2014.12 158.7 153.8 112.9 92.6 (-2.4) 11.24
2015.01 141.9 137.3 93.0 89.8 (-2.8) 9.46
2015.02 129.1 126.0 66.7 (86.8 projected, -3.0) 9.92
2015.03 125.9 124.6 54.5 (83.1 projected, -3.7) 16.14
2015.04 128.8 129.7 78.0 (79.8 projected, -3.3) 10.73
2015.05 120.0 122.6 90.0 (77.4 projected, -2.4) 8.29
2015.06 122.3 126.1 68.3 (73.9 projected, -3.5) 13.15
2015.07 107.0 110.8 66.4 (70.2 projected, -3.7) 8.8
2015.08 (111.5)   21.8 (2A) / 75.1 (2B) / 74.4 (2C) (69.0 projected, -1.2) (8.4)

1) Running average based on the daily 20:00 UTC observed solar flux value at 2800 MHz.
2A) Current impact on the monthly sunspot number based on the Boulder (NOAA/SWPC) sunspot number (accumulated daily sunspots / month days).
2B) Boulder SN current month average to date.
2C) STAR SDO 1K Wolf number 30 day average.
3) Running average based on the quicklook and definitive Potsdam WDC ap indices. Values in red are based on the definitive international GFZ Potsdam WDC ap indices.
4) Updated to new data set from WDC-SILSO on July 1, 2015

This report has been prepared by Jan Alvestad. It is based on the analysis of data from whatever sources are available at the time the report is prepared. All time references are to Universal Time. Comments and suggestions are always welcome.

SDO images are courtesy of NASA/SDO and the AIA, EVE, and HMI science teams.